Dyeing machine



Nov. 4, 1930.

H. NABHOLZ DYEING MACHINE F-iled Dec.

' EFITGFa HANS NABHOLZ 471-0 It A/fX Patented Nov. 4, 193% are nanennenz, er nsscmtns, a

DYEING WAGE i Application filed December 11, 1925, Serial 1%. 7%,692,and in Germaiuy December 2%, was.

In the dyeing machines known heretofore, for dyeing, impregnating,sponging, boiling fabrics in large rolls, provided or not with anautomatic reversing mechanism, the driven a feed cylinder revolvesalways at the same angular speed. The speed of the fabric, passingthrough the dyeing fluid increases therefore as the diameter of the rollof fabric Wound up on the driven feed cylinder inre creases. At the sametime the angular speed of the other feed cylinder, which is not thenpositively driven and runs free, increases, so

that in case of an automatically reverslng machine the reversing. takesplace when the angular speed is the greatest.

For the success of the dyeing process it is of advantage, that thefabric be dragged through the dyeing fluid at a substantially constantspeed, so thatall parts of the fabric at each passage through the troughbe exposed during the same length of time to the action of the dyeingfluid. Further, when the reversing is automatically performed, it is ofimportance that the angular speed of the not driven feed cylinder be nottoo great at the moment of reversing, so that the reversing takes placewithout ashock and without damaging the fabric.

It is also necessary, for a good dyeing proc- 3 ess, that at any momentof the dyeing process, the fabric remains under the same condi.-, tionsin all its parts, during its passage through the dyeing fluid at aconstant speed and that the tension produced in the fabric by thetensioning brakeon the not driven feed cylinder,;remains always thesame. If the brake would be fixedin a certain position for the wholetime of the passage of the fabric through the trough, the tension inthis fabric W would be increasing, as the diameter of the roll would bedecreasing. In case the brake is regulated by hand, as it is performedwith the known dyeing machine, this regulation is not so exact that thetension of the cloth ret5 mains exactly the same; further such anoperation, .when' performed by hand, requires the constant care of theoperator which means an extra labor expense.

The main object of the present. invention is a reversing and drivingappliance for dye- ,to take them oil. llhe rods ,fabric through thedyeing bath. lhe operation ing jigger-machines in large rolls, which ina simple way, causes the fabric to run at a constant speed through thedyeing fluid, which also indicates for exam le, by means of a ratchetwheel, controlled by the reversing rnoas tion, the desired number ofpassages of the fabric in both direct-ions through the dyeing fluid,giving :tor instance a signal to the operator when the necessary numberof pasw sages is fulfilled or stopping the machine an automatically;said reversing and driving appliance acts on the brakes for the feedcylinder, in such a way that the braking efiect is regulatedautomatically depending on the diameter of the roll. as The appendeddrawings show diagram-- matically an embodiment of the invention:

Fig. 1 is a front view of the reversing appliance and of the trough.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal view of a feed cylinder with its drivingmechanism.

Fig. 3 is a view of the ratchet wheel and pawls for the indicatingdevice. Fig. 4 is a rear view of the machine showing the brakes and theautomatic regulation of same.

Fig. 5 shows rollers used as cloth.

1 and 1" are the feed-cylinders; their shafts 2 and 2' rotate in thebearings 3 and 4 (Fig. 2). On both ends of each feed cylinder areprovided the journals 5 and 5' on which are suspended the swinginglevers 6 and 6 at the other end of the levers 6 the rods 7 and 7 areattached in such a we that it is easy g and 7 are secured in lace, afterpart of the false cloth or of the fa ric has been wound upon the feedcylinder, which has to remain wound upon the cylinder during the nextdyeing process, with the purpose to kee the false cloth or the. fabricattached to t e feed cylinders or with the purpose not to pass the wholepiece of the the screw-threaded rods or I a stretching device for the ofthe machine is as follows: 0n the countershaft 8, turning in thebearings 9 and 10 and driven by the pulley 11 and the belt 12, are keyedthe driving friction wheels 13 and 132 The fabric, which is to be dyed,is shown in the drawing wound around the left feed cylinder 1 and itsend is guided through the trough 14 over the guiding rollers 15', 16 and15 to the right feed cylinder 1 and attached to it, and this either bysimply winding it over the feed roller or by fixing it by means of aclamping or another similar device. Then the rod 7 is secured to thelevers 6 of the right feed cylinder 1 and is pressed to the surface ofthe latter by the fabric wound upon the cylinder.

fixed to the frame of the machine, so that the said eccentric brings theshaft-bearings 24 and 27 in their extreme position to the right by meansof the eccentric strap 23. Through this, the friction wheel 25 whichmoves on the vertical shaft 26 by means of a key and a long key-way, ispressed against the friction wheel 13. The shaft 26 begins to rotate,this rotation is transmitted to the conical tooth wheels 29 and 30 bythe ball-joint 27 and the vertical shaft 28 and so the right feed cy1-inder 1 is brought into rotation. The vertical shaft 28 is guided in along bearing 31.

As soon as the fabric and the false cloth have been Wound oil from theleft feed cylinder 1 so far, that the rod 7 is freed, the latter fallsupon the control bar 17 and moves it to the left by engagement with theprojection 32' on the end of said bar. By this operation the leftfriction drive 13', 25' is brought into action and begins to wind up thefabric on the left feed cylinder 1, whilst at the same time the rightfriction drive 13, 25 is uncoupled.

The gauge rollers 33 and 33, which are carried by the angle levers 34and 34 rotating on the journals 35 and 3 5, the latter being fixed tothe frame of the machine, are

pressed against the feed cylinders 1 and 1' by the springs 36 and 36.Through the increasing of the diameter of the roll and of the distanceof the gauge roller from the axis of the feeding cylinders 1 and 1 thefriction wheel 25 or 25 is moved on the vertical shaft 26 or 26' in sucha way, that the speed of rotation decreases, because the friction wheel25 or 25' is brought nearer to the countershaft 8. In this way thefabric is caused to travel always with the same speed through the dyeingbath. 1

As shown in Fig. 5, the guiding rollers 15 and 15 in the trough 14 haveontheirsurfaces screwthreads cut into them, which from the middle pointrun righthanded and lefthanded towards theends. The fabric, which iswound off from the feed cylinder 1 and wound on the feed cylinder 1causes the guiding roller 15 to rotate counterclockwise, whereby thescrewthread on the guiding roller 15 has no influence upon the conditionof the fabric. The arrows (Fig. 5) show the direction of travel of thefabric which, in the case illustrated, passes under the screw threadedrod or roller 15 and freely rotates the latter. Meanwhile, the rightguiding roller 15, whose clockwise rotation is prohibited by a ratchetgear, 37 or similar organ, the pawl 38 of which is in a suitableposition as shown in Fig. 1, is not brought into rotation by the fabric,passing over it; it remains motionless and causes the stretching of thefabric running over the diverging screwthreads of its surface, so thatthe fabric comes upon the feed cylinder 1 without folds and creases.Practically, said gear is preferably of the friction type but, for thesake of clearness, only a plain ratchet gear has been represented anddescribed. On the way back of the fabric from the feed cylinder 1 to thefeed cylinder 1 it is the guiding roller 15, which is set into rotationin the clockwise direction in the illustrated case, whilst the leftguiding roller 15 remains stopped-and causes the desired stretching ofthe fabric passing over the diverging threads provided on its periphery,as shown.

By moving the control bar 17 the levers 41 and 41 are caused to turnaround the journals 42 and 42 fixed to the machine frame by means of thegripper journals 40 and 40';

during this motion the pawls 44 and 44 cause a partial rotation of theratchet wheel 45 connected with a counting disc 46. The pawls 44 and 44are pressed against the teeth of the ratchet wheel 45 by the flatsprings 47 and 47. The counting disc 46 (Fig. 3) indicates the number ofpassages of the fabric through the trough, which remain still to befulfilled. The ratchet wheel 45 has a number of entire teeth and onehalf-tooth, that is one tooth 48, which has half the pitch of the otherteeth. i

v The ratchet wheel 45 is operated in the following way: The fabric tobe dyed may have for example to pass four times to and fro through thetrough; the ratchet wheel 45 and the counting disc 46 are brought insuch a position before setting in motion the machine, that the number 4on the counting disc comes to stand opposite to a pointer 49 fixed tothe machine frame. The right awl 44 lies then with its end on the middle0 a ratchet-tooth, whilst the left pawl 44' with its end lies on thebottom of a ratchet-tooth.

By starting the machine, the axes of rotation I and I of the rockingpawls are brought into the positions II and II whereby the end of theright pawl 44 is brought'forward to the bottom of the ratchet tooth, onthe middle last throwing over; in this way, the operator of which it waspreviously resting, without moving the ratchetwheel. At the same timethe left pawl 44: is brought back on the middle of the tooth, on thebottom of which it was resting before. At the next throwing over theaxes of rotation, the pawls are brought from the positions H and H intothe ositions Ill and HI, whereby the left pawl 44' pushes down theratchet tooth on its bottom and turns then the ratchet wheel 45 half apitch round, so that the index number 3 of the counting disc comes tostand opposite the pointer 49; at the same time, the right pawl d4 comesand rests with its end on the middle of a ratchet tooth.

lhis performance is repeated, whereby each time the working pawl be 'nsits motion with its end from the middle 0 a ratchet tooth and turns theratchet wheel 45 half a itch around its axis. As the fabric travels backfor the fourth time the right pawl rests with its end behind the smallratchet tooth 48 and turns at the next throwing over the ratchet wheel45 so'that the number 0 of the counting disc 46 comes to stand oppositeto the pointer 49. It is advisable to rovide also a device which gives asignal with a hell or otherwise at this is warned and knows that he muststop the machine; similarl the said device may be designed to stop t emachine automatically.

The gauge rollers 33 and 33, which operate at one end the speedregulating mechanism as described above, act with their other ends onthe angle levers 56 and 56' (Fig. 4) suspended on the journals 57 and 57and transmitting their motion by means of the .rods 60 and 60 suspendedon the journals 59 and 59' on the spiral springs 62 and 62', which bythis motion are compressed or released.

52 and 52' (Fig. 4) are tensioning brakewheels, over which are laid thebrake bands 53 and 53', whose ends are connected with the ends of thebrake levers and 55, suspended on the journals 54 and 5t.

The operation of this portion of the machine is the following: The feedcylinder on the shaft 2 is the one, which is shown driven in Fi 4'. Thecontrol bar 17' having been move to the right, the rod 64, connected toit by the journal 63, has, by means of the adjustable nut and washer 65,brought the angle lever 55 in such a position that the left side bandbrake is released. At the same time on the right side the angle lever55' has been released from the rod 64 and the pressure of the spring 62is put upon the brake of the unrolling feed cylinder running on theshaft 2'. Whilst the fabric is wound ofl from this feed cylinder, thegauge roller 33' approaches the shaft 2 and releases the spring 62' bymeans of the levers 56', 58', 60'. A contrary motion takes place on theother side of the machine where the fabric is wound up, on-thefeed'cylinder 1 the gauge roller 33 by moving away from the shaft 2increases gradually the pressure ofthe spring 62, whereby the lattercannot act but with a gradually decreasing pressure upon the' tensioningbrake 52, 53. Moreover the pressure of the spring accumulated in thisway facilitates the displacement of the control bar 17 to the left sideduring the next reversing of the motion of the machine.

Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the featuresspecifically disclosed above and it must be understood that variousconstructional modifications may be adopted within the scope of the saidinvention.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a dyeing machine and other machine contact member bearing on saidunwinding roller, whereby the braking efl'ect decreases with the numberof layers yet to be wound ofi on said unwinding roller. I

2. In a dyeing machine and other machine for the treatment of fabric,the combination of a driven windingroller-and an unwinding roller, tworadially movable contact members bearing upon the fabric, one on windingroller, means controlled by the contact member bearing on said windingroller for gradually modifying the speed of rotation of said windingroller according to the number of layers wound thereon, a brakefor saidunwindingroller and means foryieldingly connecting said brakewith thecontact member bearlng on said unwinding roller, whereby the brakingeffect decreases with the number of layers yet to be wound ed on saidunwinding. roller.

3. In a dyeing machine and other machine for the treatment of fabric,the combination of two rollers adapted to work alternately as windingand unwinding rollers, two disc and wheel change speed, gears for eachof said rollers adapted to gradually modify the speed of rotation ofsaid rollers, two brakes for the rollers, two radially movable contactmembers bearing upon the fabric on,

each roller and adapted each to control its corresponding change speedgear and its corresponding brake, and means for making" 105 said windingroller and the other on said 1111-- inoperative the change speed gear ofone roller and the brake of the other roller.

4. In a dyeing machine and other machine for the treatment of fabric,the combination of two rollers adapted to work alternately as windingand unwinding rollers, a main driving shaft, two disc and wheelclutching and speed changing gears adapted to connect and disconnectsaid rollers and said main shaft and to gradually modify the speed ofrotation of said rollers when in the connecting position, connectingmeans between the two clutching and speed changing gears where by atleast one gear is in the disconnecting position, a swinging member foreach roller pivotally mounted thereon and adapted to engage inside theinnermost fabric layer, a main control member adapted to be engaged ateither end by the corresponding swinging member when the latter is freeto swing and also adapted to control the clutching and speed changinggears for'alternately connecting either of said rollers with said maindriving shaft for reversing the direction of travel of the fabric andtwo radially movable contact members bearing upon the fabric on eachroller and adapted each to control its corresponding clutching and speedchanging gear, whereby the travelling speed of the fabric through themachine is kept constant.

5. In a dyeing machine and other machine for the treatment of fabric,the combination of two rollers adapted to work alternatelyas winding andunwinding rollers, a main driving shaft, two disc and wheel clutchingand changing gears adapted to connect and disconnect said rollers andsaid main shaft and to gradually modify the speed of rotation of saidrollers when in the connecting position, connecting means between thetwo clutching and speed changing gears whereby at least one gear is inthe disconnecting position, two brakes for the rollers, connecting meansbetween the two brakes whereby at least one brake is in the inoperativeposition, a swinging member for each roller pivotally mounted thereonand adapted to en gage inside the innermost fabric layer, a main controlmember adapted to be engaged at either end by the corresponding swingingmember when the latter is free to swing and also adapted to bring intothe operative position the clutching and speed changing gear of oneroller and the brake of the other roller and two radially movablecontact members bearing upon the fabric on each roller and adapted eachto control its corresponding clutching and speed changing gear and itscorresponding brake.

6. In a dyeing machine and other machine for the treatment offabric, thecombination of two rollers adapted to work alternately as winding andunwinding rollers, a main driving shaft, two disc and wheel clutchingand speed changing gears adapted to connect and disconnect said rollersand said main shaft and to gradually modify the speed of rotation ofsaid rollers when in the con-- necting position, connecting meansbetween the two clutching and speed changing gears whereby at least onegear is in the disconnecting position, a swinging member for each rollerpivotally mounted thereon and adapted to engage inside the innermostfabric layer, a main control member adapted to be engaged at either endby the corresponding swinging member when the latter is free to swingand also adapted to control the clutching and speed changing gears foralternately connecting either of said rollers with said main drivingshaft for reversing the direction of travel of the fabric, meanscontrolled by said main control member and adapted to indicate thenumber of back and forth motions of said fabric which are still to becompleted and two radially movable contact members bearing upon thefabric on each roller and adapted each to controlits correspondingclutching and speed changing gear, whereby the travelling speed of thefabric through the machine is kept constant.

7. In a dyeing machine and other machine for the treatment of fabric,the combination of two rollers adapted to work alternately as windingand unwinding rollers, a main driving shaft, two disc and wheelclutching and speed changing gears adapted to connect and disconnectsaid rollers and said main shaft and to gradually modify the speed ofrotation of said rollers when in the connecting position, connectingmeans between the two clutching and speed changing gears whereby atleast one gear is in the disconnecting position, a swinging member foreach roller pivotally mounted thereon and adapted to engage inside theinnermost fabric layer, a main control member adapted to be engaged ateither end by the corresponding swinging member when the latter is freeto swing and also adapted to control the clutch ing and speed changinggears for alternately connecting either of said rollers with said maindriving shaft for reversing the direc tion of travel of the fabric, apawl and ratchet attachment, rocking levers operatively connecting saidmain control member to said attachment, an indicating device adapted tocooperate with said attachment and to indicate when the desired numberof back and forth motions of said fabric is completed. and two radiallymovable contact members bearing upon the fabric on each roller andadapted each to control its corresponding clutching and speed changinggear, whereby the travelling speed of the fabric through the machine iskept constant.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

HANS NABHOLZ.

